Variables | Mean | Min | Max | SD |
---|---|---|---|---|
Panel A: dependent variable | ||||
Cons |  − 0.34 |  − 5.61 | 0.33 | 0.69 |
Panel B: independent variable & moderator variable | ||||
CRRD | 1.77 | 0.69 | 2.92 | 0.48 |
EQ | 0.07 |  − 0.68 | 0.83 | 0.22 |
Panel C: control variables | ||||
Size | 7.18 | 4.55 | 11.02 | 0.94 |
Lev | 31.01 |  − 1047.68 | 613.28 | 205.34 |
MTB | 1.83 | 1.67 |  − 2.88 | 8.78 |
ROA | 8.91 |  − 11.25 | 54.51 | 9.25 |
GRW | 0.18 |  − 1 | 4.64 | 0.59 |
Panel D: dummy variable | ||||
Loss | Frequency | % | Â | Â |
Firms achieve loss | 8 | 8.42% | Â | Â |
Firms achieve profit | 87 | 91.58% | Â | Â |