Table 1 Assessment of measurement model on factor loading, CR and AVE

Market environment uncertainty (MEU)

  In our kind of business, customers’ product preferences change quite a bit over time

  Our customers tend to look for new products all the time

  New customers tend to have product-related needs that are different from those of our existing customers

Technological environment uncertainty (TEU)

  The technology in our industry is changing rapidly

  A large number of new product ideas have been made possible through technological breakthroughs in our industry

  The technological changes in this industry are frequent

Competitive environment uncertainty (CEU)

  Competition in our industry is cutthroat

  There are many ‘promotion wars’ in our industry

  One hears of a new competitive move almost every day

Distributive justice (DJ)

  It is important that my organization provides me with rewards that I deserve

  It is important for me to satisfy with the rewards I receive from my organization

  I feel that the rewards I receive from my organization are fair

  An outsider observer can say that my organization gives me adequate rewards

Procedural justice (PJ)

  It is crucial that formal processes in my organization can challenge inappropriate decisions

  Formal procedures in my organization ensures that officials do not allow personal biases to affect their decision

  My organization have formal channels that allow employees to express their views and opinions before decisions are made

Interpersonal justice (IJ)

  It is important that my supervisor is polite to me

  It is important that my supervisor treats me in a kindly manner

  It is important that my supervisor is honest with me

  It is important that my supervisor is truthful to me

Organizational citizenship behavior individual (OCBI)

  I help others who have been absent

  I willingly give your time to help others who have work-related problems

  I show genuine concern and courtesy toward coworkers, even under the most trying business or personal situations

  I assist others with their duties

Organizational citizenship behavior organization (OCBO)

  I defend the organization when other employees criticize it

  I show pride when representing the organization in public

  I express loyalty toward the organization

  I take action to protect the organization from potential problems

  I demonstrate concern about the image of the organization

Moral disengagement (MD)

  It is okay to spread rumors to defend those you care about

  Taking something without the owner’s permission is okay as long as you’re just borrowing it

  Considering the ways people grossly misrepresent themselves, it’s hardly a sin to inflate your own credentials a bit

  People shouldn’t be held accountable for doing questionable things when they were just doing what an authority figure told them to do

  People can’t be blamed for doing things that are technically wrong when all their friends are doing it too

  Taking personal credit for ideas that were not your own is no big deal

  Some people have to be treated roughly because they lack feelings that can be hurt

  People who get mistreated have usually done something to bring it on themselves