Table 7 Unit root test results
From: Factors influencing commercial bank profitability in Bangladesh: a panel data approach
Variables | Tests | Level difference-statistics (Prob.) | First difference-statistics (Prob.) | Second difference-statistics (Prob.) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Bank-related factors | Â | Â | Â | Â |
ROA | Im, Pesaran and Shin W-stat | − 3.88884 (0.0001)*** |  |  |
| Â | ADF-Fisher Chi-Square | 79.6257 (0.0028)*** | Â | Â |
| Â | PP-Fisher Chi-Square | 86.7020 (0.0005)*** | Â | Â |
CAD | Im, Pesaran and Shin W-stat | 1.82537 (0.9660) | − 7.05257 (0.0000)*** |  |
| Â | ADF-Fisher Chi-Square | 31.5478 (0.9680) | 139.778 (0.0000)*** | Â |
| Â | PP-Fisher Chi-Square | 35.5593(0.9082) | 187.459 (0.0000)*** | Â |
BRNCH | Im, Pesaran and Shin W-stat | − 0.65399 (0.2566) | − 3.09090 (0.0010)*** |  |
| Â | ADF-Fisher Chi-Square | 57.3147 (0.1679) | 95.5433 (0.0001)*** | Â |
| Â | PP-Fisher Chi-Square | 104.618 (0.0000)*** | 127.117 (0.0000)*** | Â |
AM | Im, Pesaran and Shin W-stat | − 1.75248 (0.0398)** |  |  |
| Â | ADF-Fisher Chi-Square | 71.5464 (0.0154)** | Â | Â |
| Â | PP-Fisher Chi-Square | 94.4217 (0.0001)*** | Â | Â |
DEP | Im, Pesaran and Shin W-stat | − 14.3030 (0.0000)*** |  |  |
| Â | ADF-Fisher Chi-Square | 73.5965 (0.0102)** | Â | Â |
| Â | PP-Fisher Chi-Square | 81.1654 (0.0020)*** | Â | Â |
AQ | Im, Pesaran and Shin W-stat | − 9.84979 (0.0000)*** |  |  |
| Â | ADF-Fisher Chi-Square | 68.9401 (0.0254)** | Â | Â |
| Â | PP-Fisher Chi-Square | 83.5259 (0.0011)*** | Â | Â |
Macroeconomic factors | Â | Â | Â | Â |
ROA | Im, Pesaran and Shin W-stat | − 0.96677 (0.1668) | − 2.92953 (0.0017)*** |  |
| Â | ADF-Fisher Chi-Square | 58.6172 (0.1402) | 87.4896 (0.0004)*** | Â |
| Â | PP-Fisher Chi-Square | 86.7020 (0.0005)*** | 110.681 (0.0000)*** | Â |
GDP | Im, Pesaran and Shin W-stat | − 4.43174 (0.0000)*** |  |  |
| Â | ADF-Fisher Chi-Square | 112.250 (0.0000)*** | Â | Â |
| Â | PP-Fisher Chi-Square | 113.152 (0.0000)*** | Â | Â |
IF | Im, Pesaran and Shin W-stat | − 9.59850 (0.0000)*** |  |  |
| Â | ADF-Fisher Chi-Square | 194.367 (0.0000)*** | Â | Â |
| Â | PP-Fisher Chi-Square | 194.367 (0.0000)*** | Â | Â |
EXR | Im, Pesaran and Shin W-stat | − 4.50809 (0.0000)*** |  |  |
| Â | ADF-Fisher Chi-Square | 76.7563 (0.0000)*** | Â | Â |
| Â | PP-Fisher Chi-Square | 79.7856 (0.0000)*** | Â | Â |
ST | Im, Pesaran and Shin W-stat | − 0.50613 (0.3064) | − 3.31034 (0.0005)*** |  |
| Â | ADF-Fisher Chi-Square | 46.0881 (0.0.5515) | 94.6131 (0.0001)*** | Â |
| Â | PP-Fisher Chi-Square | 43.0978 (0.6736) | 99.1269 (0.0000)*** | Â |