Table 4 Linear regression results.
From: Impact of financial inclusion on household welfare in Ethiopia
Total expenditure | Food expenditure | Education expenditure | Utility expenditure | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OLS | 2SLS | OLS | 2SLS | OLS | 2SLS | OLS | 2SLS | |
Finance | 0.16*** | 1.50*** | 0.12*** | 1.09*** | 0.26*** | 5.78*** | 0.35*** | 5.91*** |
(0.02) | (0.24) | (0.02) | (0.24) | (0.09) | (1.01) | (0.07) | (0.84) | |
mobile_own | 0.16*** | 0.04 | 0.11*** | 0.02 | 0.19** | − 0.32** | 3.15*** | 2.65*** |
(0.02) | (0.03) | (0.02) | (0.03) | (0.07) | (0.13) | (0.05) | (0.11) | |
educ | 0.08*** | 0.03** | 0.06*** | 0.03** | 0.28*** | 0.07 | 0.11*** | − 0.11** |
(0.01) | (0.01) | (0.01) | (0.01) | (0.03) | (0.05) | (0.02) | (0.04) | |
iddir | 0.01 | − 0.05** | − 0.02 | − 0.06** | 0.51*** | 0.28*** | 0.22*** | − 0.02 |
(0.02) | (0.02) | (0.02) | (0.02) | (0.07) | (0.10) | (0.05) | (0.08) | |
Marital | 0.00 | 0.02 | − 0.00 | 0.01 | − 0.28*** | − 0.19* | 0.00 | 0.09 |
(0.02) | (0.03) | (0.02) | (0.03) | (0.09) | (0.12) | (0.07) | (0.10) | |
Religion | 0.20*** | 0.28*** | 0.21*** | 0.27*** | − 0.20*** | 0.14 | 0.48*** | 0.82*** |
(0.02) | (0.02) | (0.02) | (0.03) | (0.07) | (0.11) | (0.05) | (0.09) | |
Age | − 0.01** | − 0.01*** | − 0.01** | − 0.01*** | 0.10*** | 0.08*** | 0.01 | − 0.01 |
(0.00) | (0.00) | (0.00) | (0.00) | (0.01) | (0.02) | (0.01) | (0.01) | |
ag2 | 0.00*** | 0.00*** | 0.00*** | 0.00*** | − 0.00*** | − 0.00*** | − 0.00 | 0.00 |
(0.00) | (0.00) | (0.00) | (0.00) | (0.00) | (0.00) | (0.00) | (0.00) | |
Gender | − 0.01 | − 0.02 | 0.04 | 0.03 | − 0.74*** | − 0.77*** | − 0.24*** | − 0.27*** |
(0.02) | (0.03) | (0.02) | (0.03) | (0.09) | (0.11) | (0.06) | (0.09) | |
hh_size | − 0.13*** | − 0.12*** | − 0.14*** | − 0.14*** | 0.56*** | 0.59*** | − 0.07*** | − 0.05*** |
(0.00) | (0.01) | (0.00) | (0.01) | (0.02) | (0.02) | (0.01) | (0.02) | |
know_account | 0.11*** | − 0.51*** | 0.09*** | − 0.36*** | 0.42*** | − 2.14*** | 0.39*** | − 2.19*** |
(0.02) | (0.11) | (0.02) | (0.11) | (0.09) | (0.48) | (0.07) | (0.40) | |
credit_info | 0.13*** | 0.04 | 0.09*** | 0.02 | 0.09 | − 0.27** | 0.12* | − 0.24** |
(0.02) | (0.03) | (0.03) | (0.03) | (0.10) | (0.14) | (0.07) | (0.11) | |
Urban | 0.28*** | 0.12*** | 0.17*** | 0.06 | 0.87*** | 0.24 | 2.06*** | 1.42*** |
(0.02) | (0.04) | (0.02) | (0.04) | (0.08) | (0.15) | (0.06) | (0.13) | |
wage_self | 0.05*** | − 0.06** | 0.05** | − 0.04 | − 0.07 | − 0.55*** | 0.24*** | − 0.25** |
(0.02) | (0.03) | (0.02) | (0.03) | (0.08) | (0.13) | (0.05) | (0.11) | |
_cons | 9.76*** | 9.83*** | 9.68*** | 9.74*** | − 2.42*** | − 2.09*** | 1.01*** | 1.34*** |
(0.06) | (0.08) | (0.07) | (0.08) | (0.28) | (0.35) | (0.20) | (0.29) | |
N | 6598 | 6598 | 6598 | 6598 | 6598 | 6598 | 6598 | 6598 |
R2 | 0.427 | 0.082 | 0.305 | 0.140 | 0.248 | 0.632 | 0.247 | |
Durbin (score) chi2 | 52.3*** | 20.7*** | 45.9*** | 91.1*** | ||||
Wu–Hausman | 52.6*** | 20.7*** | 46.2*** | 92.2*** | ||||