| Levin, Lin & Chu | Im, Pesaran and Shin |
---|---|---|
lnGDP | 0.907 | 0.553 |
lnREC | 1.512 | 2.851 |
NREC | 0.894 | 2.114 |
lnLF | − 1.727** | 0.530 |
lnEE | − 0.187 | 2.129 |
lnEC | − 0.561 | 2.244 |
ΔlnGDP | − 2.999*** | − 4.171*** |
ΔlnREC | − 4.029*** | − 6.239*** |
ΔNREC | − 5.201*** | − 4.435*** |
ΔlnLF | − 2.895*** | − 3.638*** |
ΔlnEE | − 4.814*** | − 5.136*** |
ΔlnEC | − 2.487*** | − 4.035*** |