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Table 2 Measurement model

From: Technological environment and sustainable performance of oil and gas firms: a structural equation modelling approach

Variable

Indicator

Mean

Estimate

C.R

AVE

Cronbach alpha

Composite reliability

Technology infrastructure

TNI1

4.18

0.814

***

0.609

0.885

0.886

TNI2

4.09

0.808

13.438

TNI3

4.11

0.801

13.297

TNI4

4.20

0.700

11.191

TNI5

4.31

0.774

12.718

Technology knowledge

TNK1

4.47

0.854

***

0.580

0.838

0.845

TNK2

4.22

0.633

9.949

TNK3

4.47

0.714

11.579

TNK4

4.57

0.827

13.855

Technology applications

TNA1

3.11

–

–

0.698

0.871

0.874

TNA2

2.76

0.800

13.585

TNA3

2.87

0.855

14.607

TNA4

2.70

0.850

***

Sustainable financial performance

SFP1

3.51

0.806

***

0.609

0.861

0.861

SFP2

3.41

0.715

11.383

SFP3

3.49

0.757

12.208

SFP4

3.44

0.836

13.823

Sustainable environmental performance

SEP1

3.56

0.768

***

0.583

0.864

0.848

SEP2

3.54

0.706

11.208

SEP3

3.66

0.804

13.081

SEP4

3.62

0.773

12.469

Sustainable social performance

SSP1

3.61

0.863

***

0.653

0.904

0.903

SSP2

3.65

0.857

16.946

SSP3

3.81

0.774

14.262

SSP4

3.66

0.753

13.651

SSP5

3.71

0.785

14.563

Model fit statistics

CMIN (χ2) = 460.695, df = 259, CMIN/df = 1.779, NFI = 0.884, RFI = 0.865, IFI = 0.945, TLI = 0.936, CFI = 0.945, RMSEA = 0.059

  1. Note: AVE = Average variance extracted; C.R. = critical ratio; TNA1 was deleted because the factor loading was < 0.5. ***Items constrained for identification purposes