Table 6 Testing for Stationarity of Exploratory Variables
From: Global FDI inflows and outflows in emerging economies Post-COVID-19 era
Variables | Levin-Chutest for stationary | Random effect | GMM | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Coefficient | t | Coefficient | t | ||
FDI inflow LL | − 0.158683 | (− 1.14) | |||
GDPs | (− 2. 2582***) | 3.5449 | 1.17 | 8.299980 | 1.91** |
GDPdff | (− 2.2301***) | − 0.2456 | − 0.43 | − 0.484410 | 0.71 |
COVID period* | (− 1.7662***) | − 0.2624 | − 0.58 | − 0.481312 | 0.82 |