Table 4 Factor loadings, composite reliability and average variance explained

Change leadership

Change leadership3—My leader made a case for urgency of this change prior to implementation

CR = 0.854

AVE = 0.57

Herold et al. [19]

Change leadership4—My leader built a broad coalition up front to support the change

Change leadership5—My leader empowered people to implement the change

Change leadership6—y leader carefully monitored and communicated progress of the change implantation

Change leadership7—My leader gave individual attention to those who had trouble with the change implementation

Organizational culture

Team work and conflict 2—People I work with accept criticisms without becoming defensive

CR = 0.887

AVE = 0.47

Adil [2]

Climate and moral1—This organization respects its workers

Climate and moral2—This organization motivates people to be efficient and productive

Climate and moral3—There is an atmosphere of trust in this organization

Information flow2—I get enough information to understand the big picture here

Supervision1—My supervisor delegates responsibilities

Supervision2—My supervisor gives me criticism in a constructive manner

Meeting1—Time in meetings is time well spent

Meeting2—Our discussions in meetings stay on track

Employees’ readiness for change

Employees’ readiness to change5—Plans for future improvement will not come too much

CR = 0.835

AVE = 0.56

Dave et al. [18]

Employees’ readiness to change5 6—I have good feeling about the change project

Employees’ readiness to change7—I experience the change as a positive process

Employees’ readiness to change9—I found the change refreshing