Table 2 Data and Sources.
From: Assessing the determinants of government spending efficiency in Africa
Variables | Symbols | Measurement | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
Human development index | HDI | This is a statistic composite of human development measured by life expectancy, literacy rate and per capita income which represent the single output of the frontier | WDI |
Government spending | GOV | This is the ratio of government expenditure to GDP | WDI |
Size of an economy | GDP | This is measured by GDP (current US$) | WDI |
Resource rent | RENT | This is measured by total natural resources rents as a % of GDP | WDI |
Institutional variables | COR | This is measured by control of corruption | WGI |
EFFE | This is measured by government effectiveness | WGI | |
Colonial legacy | COL | This is measured by the inception of country independent through the study period | Authors' calculation |
Dummy variable | DUM_RE | This is measured as ''1'' for a resource-rich country and "0" for non-resource-rich following IMF classification | Authors' construct |
Government spending efficiency | EFF | This is measured by the Stochastic Frontier with single output-multiple input | Authors' construct |
Gross fixed capital formation | CAP | This is measured as gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) which represent part of the multiple input of the frontier | WDI |
Labour productivity | LAB | Labour force participation rate (% of total population ages 15 +) which represent part of the multiple input of the frontier | WDI |