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Table 2 Variable measurement.

From: The nexus between standalone risk committees and tax aggressiveness: evidence from Nigeria

Variable

Variable type

Code

Measurement

Source

Tax aggressiveness

Dependent

CASHFETR

Cash tax paid divided by net cash flow from operating activities

Salihu et al. [51]

Risk management

Independent

RSKCM

Dummy (Assign 1 if risk management committee is established, otherwise, 0)

Abdullah and Shukor [1]; Larasati et al. [33]

Audit committee size

Control

ACSIZE

Number of members on the committee

Al Lawati and Hussainey [6]

Board independence

Control

BIND

The ratio of independent non-executive directors to total board size

Abdullah and Shukor [1]; Guluma [23]

Firm size

Control

FSIZE

Log of total assets

Hines and Peters [25]

Institutional ownership

Control

INOWN

The ratio of shares held by institutional shareholders to total outstanding shares

Khurana and Moser [32]

Loss firms

Control

LOSS

Dummy (1 = loss, otherwise, 0)

Lee and Swenson [34]