From: The nexus between standalone risk committees and tax aggressiveness: evidence from Nigeria
Variable | Variable type | Code | Measurement | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
Tax aggressiveness | Dependent | CASHFETR | Cash tax paid divided by net cash flow from operating activities | Salihu et al. [51] |
Risk management | Independent | RSKCM | Dummy (Assign 1 if risk management committee is established, otherwise, 0) | |
Audit committee size | Control | ACSIZE | Number of members on the committee | Al Lawati and Hussainey [6] |
Board independence | Control | BIND | The ratio of independent non-executive directors to total board size | |
Firm size | Control | FSIZE | Log of total assets | Hines and Peters [25] |
Institutional ownership | Control | INOWN | The ratio of shares held by institutional shareholders to total outstanding shares | Khurana and Moser [32] |
Loss firms | Control | LOSS | Dummy (1 = loss, otherwise, 0) | Lee and Swenson [34] |