Skip to main content

Table 5 Estimated short-run coefficients

From: What drives local currency bond market development in Saudi Arabia: do macroeconomic and institutional factors matter?

\(\mathrm{Variable}\)

\(\mathrm{Coefficient}\)

\(\mathrm{t}-\mathrm{statistics}\)

\(\mathrm{Prob}.\)

Model (1): dependent variable: ΔGBMC

\(\Delta GDP\)

− 0.254

− 0.856

0.933

\(\Delta GDP\left( { - 1} \right)\)

0.288

0.728

0.943

\(\Delta GDP\left( { - 2} \right)\)

− 0.158

− 0.576

0.577

\(\Delta GDPC\)

0.002

2.747**

0.049

\(\Delta GDPC\left( { - 1} \right)\)

− 0.002

− 0.251

0.806

\(\Delta GDPC\left( { - 2} \right)\)

0.003

0.519

0.614

\(\Delta GGFC\)

1.003

2.412**

0.024

\(\Delta GGFC\left( { - 1} \right)\)

1.025

1.092

0.297

\(\Delta GGFC\left( { - 2} \right)\)

1.109

1.549

0.149

\(\Delta EXP\)

− 0.367

− 0.774

0.455

\(\Delta EXP\left( { - 1} \right)\)

− 0.278

− 0.585

0.569

\(\Delta EXP\left( { - 2} \right)\)

− 0.058

− 0.116

0.909

\(\Delta INF\)

− 0.103

− 2.598**

0.047

\(\Delta INF\left( { - 1} \right)\)

0.835

0.665

0.520

\(\Delta INF\left( { - 2} \right)\)

0.132

0.156

0.878

\(Constant\)

27.081

3.731*

0.002

\(ECT_{t - 1}\)

− 0.939

− 4.408*

0.001

\(F - statistic\)

1.593

 

0.029

\(R - squared\)

0.718

  

\(DW\)

1.605

  

Model (2): dependent variable: ΔGBMC

\(\Delta CRED\)

0.328

0.664

0.515

\(\Delta CRED\left( { - 1} \right)\)

0.038

0.079

0.937

\(\Delta CONC\)

− 0.410

− 0.404

0.690

\(\Delta CONC\left( { - 1} \right)\)

− 0.849

− 0.867

0.397

\(\Delta SMC\)

− 0.296

− 1.967***

0.065

\(\Delta SMC\left( { - 1} \right)\)

0.074

0.483

0.634

\(\Delta SMTR\)

− 0.058

− 1.356

0.192

\(\Delta SMTR\left( { - 1} \right)\)

− 0.022

− 0.518

0.610

\(Constant\)

− 1.139

− 0.639

0.530

\(ECT_{t - 1}\)

− 0.380

− 4.059*

0.001

\(F - statistic\)

2.035

 

0.094

\(R - squared\)

0.544

  

\(DW\)

1.871

  

Model (3): dependent variable: ΔGBMC

\(\Delta GOV\)

− 0.267

− 1.991***

0.071

\(\Delta GOV\left( { - 1} \right)\)

− 0.230

− 0.938

0.368

\(\Delta GOV\left( { - 2} \right)\)

− 0.275

− 1.308

0.217

\(\Delta IP\)

0.231

0.355

0.728

\(\Delta IP\left( { - 1} \right)\)

− 0.628

− 0.980

0.347

\(\Delta IP\left( { - 2} \right)\)

− 0.110

− 1.646

0.127

\(\Delta COR\)

− 0.110

− 0.648

0.530

\(\Delta COR\left( { - 1} \right)\)

− 0.227

− 1.175

0.264

\(\Delta COR\left( { - 2} \right)\)

1.484

1.185

0.267

\(\Delta RL\)

− 0.227

− 0.141

0.890

\(\Delta RL\left( { - 1} \right)\)

− 0.161

− 1.175

0.264

\(\Delta RL\left( { - 2} \right)\)

0.221

1.088

0.299

\(Constant\)

− 0.455

− 0.125

0.902

\(ECT_{t - 1}\)

− 0.186

− 2.786**

0.019

\(F - statistic\)

4.026

 

0.049

\(R - squared\)

0.583

  

\(DW\)

1.831

  
  1. *, ** and *** represents significance at 1%, 5%, and 10% level, respectively