Table 4 ARDL bounds test outcomes
From: Do foreign aid triggers economic growth in Chad? A time series analysis
Model estimated | Optimal lag length | F-Statistics |
|---|---|---|
\(\mathrm{GDP}=\mathrm{F}(\mathrm{ODA},\mathrm{ GCF},\mathrm{ IMP},\mathrm{ EXP},\mathrm{DUM})\) | (4, 4, 4, 4, 3, 4) | 18.166* |
\(\mathrm{ODA}=\mathrm{F}(\mathrm{GDP},\mathrm{ GCF},\mathrm{ IMP},\mathrm{ EXP},\mathrm{ DUM})\) | (4, 2, 3, 2, 2, 4) | 11.461* |
\(\mathrm{GCF}=\mathrm{F}(\mathrm{ODA},\mathrm{ GDP},\mathrm{ IMP},\mathrm{ EXP},\mathrm{ DUM})\) | (1, 0, 3, 0, 0, 0) | 12.298* |
\(\mathrm{IMP}=\mathrm{F}(\mathrm{ODA},\mathrm{ GCF},\mathrm{ GDP},\mathrm{ EXP},\mathrm{ DUM})\) | (1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0) | 4.132** |
\(\mathrm{EXP}=\mathrm{F}(\mathrm{ODA},\mathrm{ GCF},\mathrm{ GDP},\mathrm{ IMP},\mathrm{ DUM})\) | (3, 3, 3, 3, 2, 2) | 5.637* |
Significant level | LB I(0) | UB I(1) |
1% level | 3.41 | 4.68 |
5% level | 2.62 | 3.79 |
10% level | 2.26 | 3.35 |