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Future Business Journal

Table 3 Unit root test without structural breaks (Ng-Perron) for the model with the constant only

From: Examining the connection among national tourism expenditure and economic growth in Algeria

Variables

MZa

MZt

MSB

MPT

GDP

 − 0.348

 − 0.284

0.814

36.113

Δ(GDP)

 − 10.171**

 − 2.251**

0.221**

2.421**

ITE

 − 3.260

 − 1.205

0.369

7.425

Δ(ITE)

 − 9.295**

 − 2.151**

0.231

2.651

  1. Source: Done on EViews 10
  2. The critical values at 10% are: − 5.7, − 1.62, 0.275 and 4.45
  3. The critical values at 5% are: − 8.1, − 1.98, 0.233 and 3.17
  4. The critical values at 1% are: − 13.8, − 2.58, 0.174 and 1.78
  5. *, ** and *** denote that the series are stationary at 10%, 5% and 1%
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