| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Individual characteristics | ||||
Age |  | − 0.005*** (0.000) |  | − 0.005*** (0.000) |
Gender |  | − 0.030** (0.009) |  | − 0.031** (0.009) |
Education | Â | 0.138*** (0.008) | Â | 0.122*** (0.008) |
Employment status | Â | 0.068*** (0.010) | Â | 0.061*** (0.010) |
Income | Â | 0.030*** (0.003) | Â | 0.031*** (0.003) |
National culture | ||||
Power distance | Â | Â | 0.005*** (0.001) | 0.001 (0.001) |
Individualism | Â | Â | 0.004** (0.001) | 0.006*** (0.001) |
Masculinity |  |  | − 0.008*** (0.001) | − 0.007*** (0.001) |
Uncertainty avoidance |  |  | − 0.006*** (0.000) | − 0.004*** (0.000) |
Controls | ||||
Account ownership | 0.163*** (0.012) | 0.074*** (0.011) | 0.183*** (0.012) | 0.090*** (0.012) |
GDP per capita (log) | 0.212*** (0.012) | 0.241*** (0.011) | 0.070*** (0.016) | 0.152*** (0.015) |
Constant | − 0.693*** (0.044) | − 0.916*** (0.045) | − 0.014 (0.081) | − 0.254** (0.079) |
R2 | 0.132 | 0.287 | 0.170 | 0.303 |
Adjusted R2 | 0.131 | 0.286 | 0.169 | 0.302 |
F value | 444.997*** | 337.637*** | 200.452*** | 231.408*** |