Table 1 Descriptives
Variables | Min | Mean | Median | Max | SD |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
\({\mathrm{ROPCF}}_{\mathrm{it}}\) | − 0.825 | 0.951 | − 0.365 | 21.22 | 2.355 |
\({\mathrm{RProd}}_{\mathrm{it}}\) | 0.235 | 1.91 | 0.222 | 12.12 | 3.412 |
\({\mathrm{RDISX}}_{\mathrm{it}}\) | 0.321 | 0.123 | 0.973 | 5.23 | 0.125 |
\({\mathrm{COUNT}}_{\mathrm{i}\mathrm{t}}\) | − 3.053 | 2.68 | 1 | 7.65 | 2.66 |
\({\mathrm{DUVOL}}_{\mathrm{i}\mathrm{t}}\) | − 0.29 | − 0.36 | 0 | − 0.53 | 3.98 |
\({\mathrm{NSKEW}}_{\mathrm{i}\mathrm{t}}\) | − 3.110 | 0.0455 | − 0.132 | 3.055 | 0.479 |
\({\mathrm{COUNT}}_{\mathrm{i}\mathrm{t}}-\mathrm{i}\) | − 2 | − 0.129 | 0 | 2 | 0.340 |
\({\mathrm{DUVOL}}_{\mathrm{i}\mathrm{t}}-\mathrm{i}\) | − 1.294 | − 0.185 | − 0.163 | 0.741 | 0.360 |
\({\mathrm{NSKEW}}_{\mathrm{i}\mathrm{t}}-\mathrm{i}\) | − 0.650 | − 0.137 | − 0.141 | 0.344 | 0.186 |
\({\mathrm{Size}}_{\mathrm{i}\mathrm{t}}\) | 1.701 | 2.44 | 2.625 | 3.008 | 0.420 |
\({\mathrm{LEV}}_{\mathrm{it}}\) | 4.605 | 0.465 | 1.189 | 12.49 | 2.36 |
\({\mathrm{MktTB}}_{\mathrm{it}}\) | 1.609 | 11.632 | 13.053 | 20.05 | 4.045 |
\({C\_Score}_{it}\) | − 7.60 | − 1.28 | − 0.52 | 7.63 | 1.73 |
\({\mathrm{Spread}}_{\mathrm{it}}\) | − 2.30 | 3.001 | 2.830 | 8.979 | 1.485 |
\({\mathrm{ROA}}_{\mathrm{it}}\) | 21.43 | 0.06 | 2.89 | 74.4 | 0.09 |
\({\mathrm{PVolatility}}_{\mathrm{i,t}}\) | 3.60 | 2.68 | 7.35 | 1.46 | 2.36 |
\({\mathrm{Returns}}_{\mathrm{i,t}}\) | − 0.68 | 12.78 | 13.66 | 23.78 | 4.36 |
\({\mathrm{AbDAcc}}_{\mathrm{i,t}}\) | .098 | 1.19 | 3.56 | 12.38 | 2.83 |
\({\mathrm{SIGMA}}_{\mathrm{i,t}}\) | 0.124 | 0.164 | 0.128 | 0.131 | 0.136 |