Table 7 The estimation the SDM model results

Constant

0.37***

(3.32)

0.39***

(4.08)

0.13

(1.19)

− 0.26

(− 1.33)

0.18*

(1.81)

0.33***

(3.22)

0.34***

(3.11)

0.12

(0.98)

0.001

(0.00)

0.11

(1.11)

LNGDP(_t−1)

− 0.01**

(− 1.70)

− 0.004

(− 0.60)

− 0.04**

(− 2.51)

− 0.03*

(− 1.76)

− 0.04***

(− 4.24)

− 0.004

(− 0.63)

0.005

(0.89)

− 0.02**

(− 2.41)

− 0.005

(− 0.61)

− 0.02***

(− 3.51)

LN capital

− 0.01**

(− 2.28)

− 0.02***

(− 3.10)

0.01**

(2.51)

0.02**

(2.23)

0.01**

(3.10)

− 0.011**

(− 2.23)

− 0.01***

(− 2.92)

0.007

(1.50)

0.006

(0.79)

0.007

(1.65)

LN human capital

0.06

(1.37)

0.05*

(1.85)

0.04 (0.43)

0.05

(0.84)

− 0.008

(− 0.21)

(N + 0.05)

− 0.005

(− 0.74)

− 0.01***

(− 4.62)

− 0.003

(− 0.46)

0.003

(0.60)

0.01*

(1.75)

0.002

(0.42)

− 0.009***

(− 3.93)

− 0.004

(− 0.84)

− 0.001

(− 0.31)

0.006

(0.86)

LNGDP(_t−1)* W

− 0.003**

(− 1.09)

− 0.005

(− 0.87)

− 0.02*

(− 1.83)

− 0.001

(− 0.25)

− 0.01

(− 1.64)

− 0.005**

(− 2.09)

− 0.0004

(− 0.09)

− 0.004

(− 0.78)

− 0.001

(− 0.20)

0.003

(0.64)

Capital LN* W

0.003**

(1.71)

0.003**

2.43

0.003

(1.30)

− 0.004

(− 1.51)

− 0.001

(− 0.46)

0.003**

(2.16)

0.002

1.31

0.002

1.06

0.0003

(0.14)

− 0.001

(− 0.47)

W* LN human capital

− 0.01

(− 0.66)

0.003

(0.13)

0.09

(1.40)

0.06**

(1.98)

0.08***

(3.05)

(N + 0.05)* W

− 0.003

(− 1.29)

− 0.005

(− 0.96)

0.009

(1.55)

0.005

(1.38)

− 0.005

(− 1.18)

− 0.004

(− 1.49)

− 0.009**

(− 2.19)

− 0.001

(− 0.47)

− 0.0002

(− 0.05)

− 0.005

(− 1.49)

ρ

− 0.1

(− 0.64)

− 0.64***

(− 2.96)

− 0.76***

(− 3.17)

− 0.05

(− 0.39)

− 0.6***

(− 2.85)

− 0.10

(− 0.65)

− 0.66***

(− 2.91)

− 0.72***

(− 2.79)

− 0.08

(− 0.54)

− 0.14

(− 1.17)

λ

0.01***

(4.25)

0.01***

(5.12)

0.02***

(5.57)

0.02***

(4.55)

0.01***

(4.70)

0.02***

4.20

0.01***

(5.11)

0.02***

(5.44)

0.02***

(4.47)

0.01***

(4.55)